Understanding the Differences Between Subutex and Suboxone

Subutex and Suboxone are both medications used in the treatment of opioid use disorder, but they differ in their composition and how they are administered.

Subutex contains buprenorphine as its active ingredient. Buprenorphine is a partial opioid agonist, which means it binds to opioid receptors in the brain but does not produce the same high or euphoria that full opioid agonists like heroin or oxycodone do. This helps reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms without causing the intense high associated with other opioids. Subutex does not contain naloxone, which is an opioid antagonist that can block the effects of other opioids and deter misuse.

On the other hand, Suboxone combines buprenorphine with naloxone. Naloxone is added to deter misuse of the medication. When Suboxone is taken as prescribed (sublingually), the naloxone has minimal effect because it is not well absorbed through the oral mucosa. However, if someone tries to misuse Suboxone by injecting it, the naloxone can precipitate withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent individuals, making it less desirable for abuse.

The choice between Subutex and Suboxone depends on various factors including the patient’s history of opioid use, treatment goals, and potential risks of misuse. A board-certified addictionologist like Dr. Kevin Passer can assess these factors and recommend the most appropriate medication-assisted treatment plan.